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From Zionism to Anti-Zionism: The Transformation of Relationship between Czechoslovakia and Israel in the Pages of Rudé právo (1947-1953)
Eder, Ivana ; Bednařík, Petr (advisor) ; Osvaldová, Barbora (referee)
The diploma thesis From Zionism to Anti-Zionism: The Transformation of Relationship between Czechoslovakia and Israel in the Pages of Rudé právo (1947-1953) deals with the period in which the relationship between Israel and Czechoslovakia had transformed. Firstly, our focus is on the material and diplomatic support that Czechoslovakia provided to the emerging State of Israel. It then discusses the events that disrupted relations between the two states and led to mutual alienation. Finally, it describes a period when the countries came into open hostility. Czechoslovakia took a very negative attitude towards Zionism. The work outlines two views of these events from 1947 to 1953. The first represents the view of historians based on facts and period documents, by contrast, the second view describes how the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia interpreted world events through its newspaper Rudé právo. At that time it was the most widely read periodical having a circulation of more than one million. Its main task was to spread propaganda, isolate citizens from "uncomfortable" information, and direct the population in the desired direction - toward the Soviet Union. All in all the output of this diploma thesis is a thorough qualitative analysis of relevant articles from Rudé právo and their subsequent...
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Path of Czechoslovakia from Support of Zionism to Anti-Zionist Position (1947-1957)
Habermann, Tomáš ; Charvátová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Galandauer, Jan (referee) ; Pejčoch, Ivo (referee)
The theme of this thesis is attitude of the Communist Party and Czechoslovak totalitarian regime to Zionism in 1947-1957. The main aim of the archive research was to map gradual change of the communist regime from its position of the supporter of Zionism to that one of convinced anti-Zionism (nearly to anti-Semitism). Support of Zionism was primarily presented by help to the nascent state of Israel in 1947-1949. The evidence is given by the role of Czechoslovakia at meetings of the United Nations General Assembly in 1947 and its role as a member of United Nations Special Committee on Palestine. Furthermore, supplies of military equipment to Israel, diplomatic support, demographic support and training of Jewish brigade in Czechoslovak territory in 1948. Gradual change to anti-Zionist position at the end of 1940s and beginning of 1950s is illustrated with complicated negotiations on economic cooperation and with interfering of the regime in running of Jewish religious communities and Zionist organisations. During the first half of 1950s the support turned into downright opposition and lead in a diplomatic quarrel caused by the Slánský trial which had definitely anti-Semitic and anti-Zionist dimension. Utterly anti-Zionist position of the regime is also supported with further politically motivated trials -...
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Israel and Czechoslovakia: RFE/RL on the relations of the two countries, 1967-1971
Ďurková, Michaela ; Kubátová, Hana (advisor) ; Riegl, Martin (referee)
This thesis deals with the relations between Czechoslovakia and Israel in 1967-1971. It is specifically concerned with anti-Zionist policies of the socialist regime, which reflected themselves not only in the anti-Israeli stance of Czechoslovakia, but also in the relations of state authorities towards Jewish minority, and bore antisemitic characteristics. Contrary to lasting rigorous refusal of antisemitism since 1940s/50s, Czechoslovakia manifested its hostility towards Israel on regular basis. Struggle against Zionism was one of the aims of the Czechoslovak ideological war against alleged or real adversaries. For the regime, Israel represented West, and West was full of so called centres of ideological diversion. One of such centres was also Radio Free Europe (RFE). Author of the thesis assumes that RFE not only reflected the ideological struggle concerning Jews and "Zionists," in Czechoslovakia, but also played a role of a counter-balancing force in the matter. By means of analysis of RFE situation reports, the thesis evaluates the extent of RFE counter-balance of the Czechoslovak anti-Zionist ideology. After theoretical introduction (chapter one), changes in the relations of Czechoslovakia towards Israel and local Jewish community in 1945-1967 are described. Second chapter also debates tension...
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Path of Czechoslovakia from Support of Zionism to Anti-Zionist Position (1947-1957)
Habermann, Tomáš ; Charvátová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Galandauer, Jan (referee) ; Pejčoch, Ivo (referee)
The theme of this thesis is attitude of the Communist Party and Czechoslovak totalitarian regime to Zionism in 1947-1957. The main aim of the archive research was to map gradual change of the communist regime from its position of the supporter of Zionism to that one of convinced anti-Zionism (nearly to anti-Semitism). Support of Zionism was primarily presented by help to the nascent state of Israel in 1947-1949. The evidence is given by the role of Czechoslovakia at meetings of the United Nations General Assembly in 1947 and its role as a member of United Nations Special Committee on Palestine. Furthermore, supplies of military equipment to Israel, diplomatic support, demographic support and training of Jewish brigade in Czechoslovak territory in 1948. Gradual change to anti-Zionist position at the end of 1940s and beginning of 1950s is illustrated with complicated negotiations on economic cooperation and with interfering of the regime in running of Jewish religious communities and Zionist organisations. During the first half of 1950s the support turned into downright opposition and lead in a diplomatic quarrel caused by the Slánský trial which had definitely anti-Semitic and anti-Zionist dimension. Utterly anti-Zionist position of the regime is also supported with further politically motivated trials -...
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Israel and Czechoslovakia: RFE/RL on the relations of the two countries, 1967-1971
Ďurková, Michaela ; Kubátová, Hana (advisor) ; Riegl, Martin (referee)
This thesis deals with the relations between Czechoslovakia and Israel in 1967-1971. It is specifically concerned with anti-Zionist policies of the socialist regime, which reflected themselves not only in the anti-Israeli stance of Czechoslovakia, but also in the relations of state authorities towards Jewish minority, and bore antisemitic characteristics. Contrary to lasting rigorous refusal of antisemitism since 1940s/50s, Czechoslovakia manifested its hostility towards Israel on regular basis. Struggle against Zionism was one of the aims of the Czechoslovak ideological war against alleged or real adversaries. For the regime, Israel represented West, and West was full of so called centres of ideological diversion. One of such centres was also Radio Free Europe (RFE). Author of the thesis assumes that RFE not only reflected the ideological struggle concerning Jews and "Zionists," in Czechoslovakia, but also played a role of a counter-balancing force in the matter. By means of analysis of RFE situation reports, the thesis evaluates the extent of RFE counter-balance of the Czechoslovak anti-Zionist ideology. After theoretical introduction (chapter one), changes in the relations of Czechoslovakia towards Israel and local Jewish community in 1945-1967 are described. Second chapter also debates tension...
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Zionism as a Form of Racial Discrimination. Since the Six-day War to the Adoption of the Resolution 3379
Sedláček, Tomáš ; Tumis, Stanislav (advisor) ; Vojtěchovský, Ondřej (referee)
The thesis inquires into the progressively worsening international role of Israel after the Six-Day War. It begins with analysis of some aspects of the aforementioned conflict and finishes with declaration of resolution no. 3379, which condemned Zionism as a form of racial discrimination.The goal of the thesis is to analyse process that led the state constituted with the help of UN to the position as one of the most criticized members of the organization, all in less than its thirty years old existence.In addition to the Six-Day War, the analysis deals with other significant moments of the Arab-Israeli conflict between years 1967-1975 with the declaration of the said resolution taking the largest extent.Further, the author attempted to define a group of states actively objecting to Zionism and Israel. Simultaneously, he attempted to define the meaning of the fight against Zionism to individual members of the inhomogeneous anti-Israeli bloc.The thesis mainly stands on the analysis of UN documents concerning the Palestine problem in the observed time period. Based on the performed research, the author comes to the conclusion that the condemnation of Zionism as a form of racial discrimination was possible not solely by development of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and by drawing attention to the...
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Anti-Zionism and Anti-Semitism in Postwar Czechoslovakia, 1945-1953
Beranová, Monika ; Kubátová, Hana (advisor) ; Kučera, Jan (referee)
This work deals with the evolution of the topics of Anti-Semitism and Anti-Zionism in Czechoslovakia between the years 1945-1953. It is divided into three parts. The first part deals with the definition of the concepts of Zionism, Anti-Zionism and Anti-Semitism, thus comprising the theoretical framework of the thesis. The second part analyzes the political historical developments in the era of 1945-1953, during which the Communist Party seizes power. Described here is also the importance of the establishment of the State of Israel in the context of the development of Soviet-Israeli relations and Czechoslovak-Israeli relations. These relations later developed the attitudes towards the Jewish communities. In the third part, the work deals with the stance of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia towards Jews. It views the stance as an overlapping combination of Anti-Semite and Anti-Zionist positions, which culminates in the political trials of the 1950s. It also shows an interesting contrast whereas during that same time, the Communists allowed the grand re-opening of the Pinkas Synagogue Memorial, honoring the victims of the Holocaust. The interplay between the Communists and Jews was neither wholly positive, nor entirely negative; both sides of the stance can be demonstrated. They are influenced by...
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The holocaust as a social phenomenon
Moravská, Dorota Tabitha ; Petrusek, Miloslav (advisor) ; Kotík, Michal (referee)
The work deals with Holocaust denial as a social phenomenon that is considered to be a form of anti-Semitism. It describes the roots of Holocaust denial in Europe and in the USA and its subsequent extension in other parts of the world, focusing especially on Arabic/ Muslim countries where this phenomenon represents part of the official propaganda and constitutes and active element of Israeli-Palestinian conflict. The thesis then depicts the methodology of Holocaust denial which leads to the thought that the Holocaust denial is a means used by individuals or groups whose goal is to enforce their broader ideological intentions and thus in its fundamental nature it resembles the activities of totalitarian ideologies and regimes for whom history manipulation has been an effective strategy. At the end, based on the findings of sociological research, the paper tries to outline the extent of success of the Holocaust denier's effort in broader public.
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